Prof. Dr. Bernd Eissfeller
is Professor and Vice-Director of the Institute of Geodesy and Navigation at the University of the Federal Armed Forces Munich. He is responsible for teaching and research in the field of Galileo/GPS/GLONASS and inertial technology. He received a Diploma in geodesy at Technical University of Darmstadt. From 1983 - 1988 he was research associate at Technical University Darmstadt and University of Federal Armed Forces Munich. In 1989 he received the Ph. D. (Dr.-Ing.) in GPS/INS integration at the latter university. Till the end of 1993 he worked at Kayser-Threde GmbH Munich as project manager and head of the navigation group in the development of GPS/INS navigation systems. From 1994 - 2000 he was head of the GNSS Laboratory and since 2000 full professor of navigation at University of Federal Armed Forces. He was the leading investigator of the GPS experiment on the EQUATOR-S space mission. He is author of more than 215 scientific and technical papers, is a lecturer at Navtech Seminars Inc. and at TOPTECH of TU Delft.
GNSS Indoor Positioning
The acquisition and tracking of GNSS signals in buildings is a very challenging and rather novel technology area. Satellite signals penetrating walls will be attenuated by a factor of 100 and more in comparison to the outdoor environment. Thus, without more advanced processing and aiding techniques it would not be possible to get a position solution within reasonable time-to-first fix (TTFF). The solution concept of indoor positioning has to basic elements: On the one hand the sensitivity of the receiver has to be considerably increased; on the other hand time, frequency and other aiding information like ephemeris data and approximate user coordinates have to be provided via a telecommunication network. The lecture gives an introduction into the physical and technical framework of GNSS indoor positioning. The main constraints on critical system parameters are discussed. Finally, it is verified that indoor location with GNSS works under real environments and the limits of GNSS indoor positioning are assessed.
GNSS/INS Sensor Fusion
The lecture is divided in two parts. The first part starts with an overview about inertial sensors and systems. The focus in inertial sensors is mainly on optical gyroscopes, MEMS gyroscopes and pendulum accelerometers. On system level strapdown systems mechanized in different coordinate systems are discussed. A basic review of the strapdown computational concept is presented. In the second part of the lecture the basic architectures for GPS/INS integration are desrcibed (loosely, tightly, ultra – tightly, deeply coupling). The pros and cons of each coupling method are outlined. Finally, the typical sensor fusion concepts in marine, land, aviation and space navigation are discussed.